"Ko te āhua o tāu whakahaere i tōu awe i tēnei rā ka pā nui ki tō kaha ki te awe i āpōpō."
Speak Your Mind! – E kōrero ana a Steven Damron, te Tumu Whakahaere Matua i The Social Edge, te kaihanga o te ratonga ihirangi Contempo mō ngā kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori, mō te huarahi hei angitu hei kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori.
Kaitātari Pāpāho Pāpori Ōhanga
I te tau 1997, i hangaia e te kaiwaiata a David Bowie tētahi kāwai hou o te haumarutanga pūtea. Hei hoko i ētahi atu rangatira o āna rekoata, i hokona e Bowie ngā "Bowie Bonds," he here i whakapūmau i ngā utu rangatira mai i ngā pukaemi 25 i tukuna e ia i mua i te tau 1990.
I mua i te Bowie Bonds, ko ngā hea i tautokona e tētahi rawa ā-tinana pērā i te kamupene, i te whare rānei. He hua pūtea hou ngā Bowie Bonds nā te mea i whakamahia e rātou te taonga hinengaro hei pūtake mō tētahi hea. I hokona e Prudential Financial ngā Bowie Bonds mō te US$55 miriona!
Ki te mea kei te pānui koe i tēnei, kei te whakaaro pea koe he aha te hononga o Bowie Bonds ki te pāpāho pāpori. Ko te hononga he ōhanga. Pērā i ngā kaiwaiata, ka hangaia e ngā kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori he rawa. Nō reira, he aha koe ka whakaaro ai mō ngā kaiwhakatairanga i runga i ngā rawa ōhanga? Hei whakaputa, i roto i te kupu, he uara. Kāore pea i te rite ki a David Bowie me āna Bowie Bonds, engari he uara tonu.
He akoranga nui kei roto i te ōhanga mō ngā kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori e hiahia ana ki te whakapiki i te uara o ā rātou mahi. Ko te Uara Kupenga o Nāianei, arā, ko te NPV, tētahi tikanga e whakamahia ana e ngā tohunga ōhanga hei tatau i te uara. Ka taea e ngā mātanga te ako i ngā taipitopito o te NPV i konei . Heoi anō, he mea whai hua te NPV hei whakatau tata me te whakapiki i te uara o te kaiwhakatairanga.
E rua ngā mea e whakaakona ana e te NPV. Tuatahi, he nui ake te uara o tētahi rawa (pērā i te hunga tautoko pāpāho pāpori) ina nui ake te whiwhinga i ia utu. Tuarua, he nui ake te uara o tētahi rawa ina roa te whiwhinga i ngā utu. Ahakoa te āhua mārama o tēnā, he pānga nui tōna ki te whakaputa uara a ngā kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori.
Hei whakapiki i ngā utu ā muri ake nei, ka whakanuia e ngā kaiwhakatairanga ā rātou hunga whakarongo, ka whakapiki ake hoki i te whai wāhi mai o te hunga whakarongo. Ka whakarei ake tēnei i tō rātou uara ki ngā hoa mahi e hiahia ana ki te utu mō te urunga atu ki te hunga whakarongo. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o tā rātou whakamahi hei whakatutuki i te uara mai i ā rātou hunga whakarongo.
Me te ratonga ihirangi pēnei i InāianeiHei tauira, ka tohaina e ngā kaiwhakatairanga ngā tuhinga ki ngā pāpāho pāpori, ehara i te mea ka whakapiki ake i te whai wāhi a ngā pā, engari ka whiwhi moni whiwhi mai i te haere mai o ngā kaiwhakaputa ki ngā kaiwhakaputa. Heoi anō, ko te mea pai ake, mā te tipu haere o ngā pā e whai wāhi nui ana ka taea te whakatuwhera i ngā whai wāhitanga nui mō ngā tautoko utu me ngā mahi tahi me ngā waitohu.
Hei whakanui ake i te matapae o ia utu ā muri ake nei, me tango e ngā kaiwhakatairanga te waimarie mai i te whārite.
He nui ake te uara o tētahi rawa me ngā whiwhinga moni auau, matapaetia, i tētahi rawa me ngā whiwhinga moni kore e matapaetia. Koia te take he iti ake te uara o te whiwhi $12,000 i roto i te marama kotahi i roto i te tau i te whiwhi $1,000 i ia marama i roto i te tau kotahi. He nui ake te uara o tētahi kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori kua mōhio ki te toi o te whiwhi moni mai i te hunga whakarongo i tētahi kaiwhakatairanga e petipeti ana i tētahi mahi waimarie, kotahi noa te wā.
Ko te wāhanga uaua rawa atu pea o te whakanui ake i te NPV a te kaiwhakaaweawe ko te whakawhānui i ngā whiwhinga ki te heke mai. Ka whakamahia e te pakihi whakangahau te kupu " one-hit wonder " hei whakaahua i tētahi kaitoi kua tino angitu, kātahi ka ngaro atu i te ao. Ko te painga o te one-hit wonder ko te tere o te tatau i te NPV nā te mea kāore he utu ā muri ake nei i roto i te whārite. Ko te ngoikoretanga ko te kore he utu ā muri ake nei i roto i te whārite.
Ko te rite o te pāpāho pāpori ki te mea whakamiharo kotahi te angitu ko te tangata whai mana pāpāho pāpori e mura ana i muri i tana tukino i tana hunga whakarongo.
Kāore ngā mura ahi e whai wāhi, e whakamōhio, e whakangahau hoki i tā rātou hunga whakarongo me te reo pono me ngā ihirangi kounga teitei e whakaute ana i te wheako o te kaiwhakamahi. Mā te tuku i tētahi ataata ngeru whakahihiri i muri i tētahi atu mai i tētahi kaiwhakaputa rerekē e utu ana i te moni whiwhi nui rawa atu (i whiwhi mai i ngā pānuitanga whakaeke, kapi i te pūmanawa kino) ka piki ake pea te whai wāhi me te moni whiwhi mō ētahi wiki, marama rānei, engari he mirumiru ka pakaru. Ka mahi tonu te pāwhiri-mounu kia mutu rā anō, kia whakatau rānei te tūāpapa pāpāho pāpori kei te whakararuraru koe i ngā āhuatanga mō āna kaiwhakamahi. Nō reira, ka tae mai tētahi rā ka whakatau ngā pā o te kaiwhakatairanga kāore rātou e hiahia ana ki ētahi atu ataata ngeru, ka whakatau rānei te tūāpapa ki te takahi ki te tiaki i āna kaiwhakamahi, ka whakamate i te hunga whakarongo a taua kaiwhakatairanga mō ake tonu atu.
He aha ngā tikanga pai hei whakaroa i te oranga o tētahi kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori?
He wā pai tēnei ki te whakauru i tētahi atu ariā ōhanga āwhina: te kanorau, e mōhiotia ana ko te kore e whakatakoto i ō hua katoa ki te kete kotahi. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaipupuri moni te kanorau hei whakaiti i te mōrearea i roto i tētahi putea. Mena kei a koe ngā hea tekau, ā, ka hinga tētahi, kāore koe e ngaro katoa i ō moni. I tētahi atu taha, ki te haere tētahi atu o ngā hea ki te marama, ka whiwhi koe i te kotahi tekau o te marama. Mēnā he putea kanorau, ka puta te kaipupuri moni ki waenganui, engari ka roa ake te ora.
Ko ngā kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori e whakawhirinaki ana ki tētahi, ki ētahi rānei kaiwhakaputa utu nui mō ā rātou ihirangi, tera pea ka nui ake ā rātou whiwhinga mō ētahi marama, engari ka pāngia ngā pā me te whai wāhi mai – ā, i te mutunga, ka pāngia hoki ō rātou kaha ki te whakaputa uara nui ake. Ko ngā pā e kite ana i ngā ihirangi ōrite mai i te kaiwhakaputa kotahi i ngā wā katoa ka kore e aro atu. E mōhio ana ngā papaaho pēnei i a Pukamata ki tēnei. Ka takahi rātou ki te aukati i te toro atu me te whai wāhi mai o ngā ihirangi kounga iti i mua i te pouri o ngā kaiwhakamahi, me te whakaiti i te wā e noho ana i runga i tā rātou papaaho. Nō nā tata nei, kua mukua e Pukamata ngā whārangi kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori e whakamahi ana i ngā ihirangi kounga iti, ā, kāore e tutuki i ngā aratohu a Pukamata. Koinei te huarahi pai ki te whakakore tonu i te NPV a te kaiwhakatairanga. Koinā te mutunga. Kua oti. Kāore he ataata ngeru anō.
I te whānuitanga o ngā kaiwhakaputa kounga teitei e wātea ana i runga i a Contempo, kua inehia e mātou ngā hononga i waenga i ngā kaiwhakaputa me ngā kaiwhakatairanga. E mōhio ana mātou ka huri ēnei hononga i roto i te wā. Ko te kaiwhakaputa e pai ana te mahi a ngā ihirangi ki te hunga whakarongo a te kaiwhakatairanga i tētahi wiki, kāore pea i te wiki e whai ake nei. Ko ngā ihirangi mai i tētahi atu kaiwhakaputa i mahi kino i te tīmatanga, tera pea ka pai ake tana mahi i roto i te wā. Mō te kaiwhakatairanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki tētahi, ki ētahi rānei kaiwhakaputa mō te utu, kāore he huarahi kē atu ina neke atu te hiahia o ngā kaiwhakaputa, ā, ka heke te toronga.
Ko te whāinga roa a te kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori ko te kanorau o ngā ihirangi.
Pērā i te kaipupuri moni he maha ngā hea kanorau, ka puta te kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori e whakamahi ana i te ranunga o ngā ihirangi ki waenganui, ā, ka roa ake te ora. He pai ake hoki te mahi a ngā ihirangi kanorau ki te tūāpapa, e hangai ana ki ngā whāinga a te whatunga mō te whai wāhi me te wheako o ngā kaiwhakamahi.
Ngā akoranga ōhanga mō ngā kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori? Ko ngā kaiwhakatairanga e hiahia ana ki te whakapiki i ō rātou uara me tuku ihirangi kounga teitei, whakahihiri hoki, me whakamahi i ngā tikanga whai hua me te pumau mō te whiwhi moni hei hanga rerenga moni e taea te matapae, me te whakanui ake i ngā puna o ā rātou ihirangi.
Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe he aha ngā whakaaro o Prudential i tana hokonga i a Bowie Bonds. I momi hikareti rātou i tētahi mea? He aha i nui ai te utu a Prudential? Ko te nuinga, ko te mea pono, nā te mea he rawa auaha kounga teitei a Bowie me te hītori pai. I eke a Bowie ki tētahi NPV teitei. Ka taea hoki e koe ināianei.
He kaiwhakatairanga pāpori koe e rite ana ki te whakapau kaha ki tāu NPV? Whakapā mai!
Steven Damron ko ia te Tumu Whakahaere Matua i Te taha pāpori, te kaihanga o te ratonga ihirangi Contempo mō ngā kaiwhakatairanga pāpāho pāpori. Ko te ranunga ahurei o te whakahaere, te hangarau me te wheako tīmatanga a Steven he taonga nui ki a ia PRODIREKT Me ona Verbalists Education & Language Network i a rātou e whakawhānui tonu ana i tō rātou aroaro ki ngā mākete hou. He tohu Paetahi (BA) a Steven i roto i te Ahupūngao me te Reo Pākehā mai i te Kāreti o Dartmouth, me te tohu Paerua Whakahaere Pakihi mai i te UC Berkeley.
Tirohia etahi atu mai PRODIREKT
Ohauru kia tukuna nga panui hou ki to imeera.